Ramadhar Singh
Ramadhar Singh, born at Balara in Nepal in 1945, is the first in his agrarian family to receive formal education. During his high school years in Bihar, he aspired to earn his PhD degree in psychology from America. His mother Ramsakhi Devi and father Mohit Singh supported his career choice. Ramadhar earned his BA Honors (1965) and MA (1968) degrees from the L. S. College of Bihar University at Muzaffarpur, India, and MS (1972) and PhD (1973) degrees from Purdue University in the United States. He received the Postgraduate Merit and Fulbright Scholarships in India (1965-67) and the U.S. (1970-72), respectively.
Ramadhar served at Patna University (Lecturer: 1968-73), the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kanpur (Assistant Professor: 1973-79), the Indian Institute of Management (IIM) Ahmedabad (Professor: 1979-90), the National University of Singapore (NUS) (Associate Professor: 1990-97; Professor: 1997-2010), the IIM Bangalore (Distinguished Professor: 2010-16), and Ahmedabad University (Distinguished University Professor: 2016-present). He spent sabbaticals at the University of Rochester, Oxford University, and Purdue University.
Recognitions and Honors
Ramadhar attained fellow status in six professional bodies, including the American Psychological Association, Association for Psychological Science (APS), British Psychological Society, Singapore Psychological Society, Society for Personality and Social Psychology (SPSP), and the National Academy of Psychology (India). In 2022, he received the Purdue University Distinguished Alumni Award. He had earlier received the Psychology National Award in India (1990), the Inspiring Mentor Award from NUS (2009), and the Lifetime Achievement Award for Excellence in Research from IIM Indore (2021).
Ramadhar has represented India among Faces and Minds of Psychological Science since 2013. In 2022, IIT Kanpur initiated the Prabha and Ramadhar Singh Distinguished Lecture in Psychology to annually celebrate their contributions to psychological sciences. Mrs. Singh, a developmental psychologist, has been a great source of encouragement and support to Ramadhar Singh's scholarly pursuits.
Promoting Education and Psychological Science in Asia
Through his donations and aid from the Embassy of India in Kathmandu, Ramadhar expanded the existing primary school in his native village to the secondary school (1995-2007). This public service touched the lives of thousands of rural children who might have otherwise been deprived of formal education.
Ramadhar advanced psychology as a science in Asia. In India, he was a member of the Psychology Panel of the University Grants Commission (UGC) and its Standing Advisory Committee for the Centre of Advanced Study. As the UGC national lecturer, he visited the Banaras Hindu University, Poona University, and Sri Venkateshwara University. In the Asian Association of Social Psychology (AASP), he played key roles in developing the Asian Journal of Social Psychology and the Asian Summer School of Social Psychology. Besides serving as a consulting and/or associate editor of several journals, he served as a member on the award committees of APS and AASP.
Scientific Contributions
Ramadhar conducted experimental research at the levels of the individual (decision-making, impression formation, and interpersonal attraction), the group (age-related changes and intergroup relations), the organization (diversity, job satisfaction, leadership effectiveness, prediction of performance, and reward allocation), and the society (cross-cultural differences, justice and fairness, intuitive prosecution, and prediction of donation). This work has made important applied, basic, and methodological contributions to psychological sciences. These accomplishments come from applying, extending, and modifying three research paradigms originally developed in the U.S.: the attraction paradigm of Donn Byrne, the information integration theory of Norman Anderson, and the social-functionalist models of Philip Tetlock. Ramadhar extended this work across cultures using participant populations ranging from children and managers in Asia to university students from several countries.
Attraction: Asymmetries and New Mechanisms
In the attraction paradigm, Ramadhar and his NUS students first demonstrated that similar attitudes lead to attraction, but dissimilar attitudes produce repulsion even more so than similar attitudes lead to attraction — the similarity-dissimilarity asymmetry. The asymmetry was also shown in the level of attention given to similar versus dissimilar attitudes and more so when the participants were cognitively overloaded. Ramadhar has also undertaken an in-depth examination of potential mediating variables in the similarity-attraction paradigm. Whereas the early similarity-attraction literature theorized positive affect as the sole mediating variable, Ramadhar and his collaborators have demonstrated that positive affect, validation of one's attitudes by those of the partner, respect for the partner, inferred attraction of the partner toward the participant, and trust in the partner also mediate the similarity-attraction relation when considered in isolation or serially.
Information Integration: Response Translations and Value Imputation
According to information integration theory, judgment involves valuation, integration, and response production. Valuation converts the physical stimuli into their psychological values, integration unitizes those values in generating subjective responses, and response production translates subjective responses into overt responses on the scale of judgment. Ramadhar has used and extended these notions to inform the organizational literature on leadership effectiveness, resource allocation, motivation, and job satisfaction and the developmental literature on disciplinary action, playgroup attractiveness, and personal happiness among children.
Ramadhar realized that the covert responses coming from an integration rule (e.g., adding, subtracting, multiplying, or dividing) might not always be produced linearly along a judgment scale, and discrepancies between the covert and overt responses can arise more clearly with participants from cultures where feelings and thoughts are rarely expressed in behaviors. Indeed, reward allocations by Indian managers followed a simple ordinal ranking of inputs from workers rather than a more complex proportional rating of such inputs. Parallels were also found in developmental domains. As age increases, differences between shares of outcome allocated to high and low performers reflect use of the rules of equality, ordinal equity, and proportional equity, respectively. Ability to employ the proportional rule develops around the teenage years due to cognitive maturity. In cross-cultural research, however, Asian adults, relative to children, seemed to be making less distinction between high and low performers. Ramadhar addressed this pattern by showing that the perception of merit becomes more precise with age in both the Asian and American participants, but the American age trend in outcome allocation is reversed in Asia because adults distort overt responses to maintain group harmony. Thus, cultures differed in articulation of subjectively "fair" responses, not in recognition of proportional equity per se.
When studying predictions of performance from information about motivation and ability or donations from information about generosity and income, Ramadhar and his collaborators raised important issues surrounding imputation of values to missing information. He argued and found that the imputed value to the missing motivation or generosity information was often constant (usually a value around the nominal neutral point of the response scale) but the imputed value to the missing ability or income information increased as the value of the motivation or generosity information increased. Notably, it seems Indians believe the energizing factor of motivation or generosity can alter the capability factor of ability or income — a distinctly positive outlook on life! Personality and social psychologists are yet to fully appreciate the importance of value imputation for missing information in social judgments, however.
Social-Functionalist Models: Refining Prosecutorial Mindsets
According to the social-functionalist framework, collectives operate through accountability procedures (e.g., norms, rules). When rule violation is witnessed, people taking the role of prudent prosecutors make causal attributions (person vs situation), express outrage, and form attitudes (support vs oppose; retribution vs deterrence) that presumably mediate the effects of rule violation on punitive responses (e.g., fines, imprisonment). In initial investigations, measures of potential mediators and outcomes loaded on a single factor, making the mediation model untestable. In follow-up research, however, Ramadhar and his collaborators made five unique contributions.
First, causal attribution is empirically distinguishable from the assignment of responsibility, as Easterners and Westerners think alike when making causal attributions but differ in their assignment of responsibility. Second, both Easterners and Westerners hold the perpetrator equally accountable for errors of commission, but Easterners hold associates of the actor more responsible than Westerners do for the error of omission, making Easterner's social circle of responsibility wider. Third, age-related changes in recommending punishment reflect more on forgiving accidental harms than hounding intentional harms. Fourth, the prosecutorial mind of Asians is multidimensional, making the test of a mediation model feasible in Asian settings. Finally, a serial mediation model (dispositional attribution → outrage → attitude toward the wrongdoer) best represented the relation between an inappropriate response and the desired punishment of the wrongdoer. Thus, Ramadhar and his colleagues significantly refined and extended the prudent prosecutor role.
A Portrait of Human Cognitive Complexity
The foregoing findings from three research programs in Asian settings converge in portraying humans as cognitively affluent and dynamic, rather than miserly (as was the common American view in the 1980s). People go far beyond the information given to them in social judgments. They actively process multiple pieces of information and relate activated processes with each other (often serially) in producing an overt response. Theoretically, therefore, these core cognitive complexities underlie affect and behavior in many settings, and a cross-cultural view of human experience helps to identify and unpack those complexities.
Tributes
During my doctoral studies at IIM Bangalore, I learned the basics of social psychology, public policy, and research methodology from the courses taught by Professor Ramadhar Singh. He guided my doctoral research on public service motivation as well. Each interaction with him was inspiring and provocative! His passion for and dedication to excellence in teaching, research, and service are exceptional as is his strict adherence to research ethics. I was fortunate to have such a great mentor, well-wisher, and role model.
– K. Balamurugan
As one of the academic grandchildren of Prof. Ramadhar Singh, I feel greatly honored by the Society for Personality and Social Psychology's initiative to post his name on the Heritage Wall of Fame! My academic journey has been influenced by Prof. Ramadhar indirectly through my supervisor Prof. Shivganesh Bhargava of IIT Bombay, India. I met Prof. Ramdhar Singh at the Annual Convention of National Academy of Psychology (NAOP) in the year 2016 and was amazed by his wisdom. At the 2021 Conference of Excellence in Research and Education (CERE) of the Indian Institute of Management Indore, I was delighted and honored to receive awards along with him. While Ramadhar received the first-ever Lifetime Achievement Award for Excellence in Research, my paper was one of the three best ones presented at CERE. I as a researcher have always looked up to him as a mentor and as a true mentor, he has always provided the guidance and advice to shape my career. He is a thorough professional. Prof. Ramadhar Singh is an influential and inspirational researcher and teacher in Personality and Social and Organizational Psychology area. His service to the psychology field and community is exemplary. The present international recognition of Ramadhar truly glorifies Indian scholarship. Congratulations to Prof. Ramadhar Singh.
– Rupashree Baral
As a doctoral student, research associate, colleague, and life-long friend of Ramadhar Singh, I feel myself honored to see his name posted on the SPSP Heritage Wall of Fame. Ramadhar has been, and will be, an icon of academic excellence, passionate psychological scientist, and high commitment to quality education in Asia. I learnt how to conduct a paradigmatic research, respect the data collected, write the reports clearly, and supervise research by students from ONLY him.
Because of his sustained contributions to psychological and management literatures from Asia and international awards and recognitions received, Ramadhar Singh has truly brought glory to the institutions he worked at, the states and nations he lived in, and the students he taught and trained. It's indeed delightful when one's Guru is honored and recognized by a vibrant professional society like the Society for Personality and Social Psychology.
– Shivganesh Bhargava
No story of an Indian psychological scientist is more heroic than that of Professor Ramadhar Singh! His passion for and dedication to psychological sciences, commitment to mentoring as well as glorifying the institutions studied and worked at, and public service in education are too big to describe. His life and work have one loud and clear message for Indian academics: Successful efforts are worth emulating.
I am blessed and fortunate to be an academic great-grandson (Ramadhar Singh → Ajit Kumar Dalal → Shailendra Singh → Vishal Gupta). As one of the participants in his Workshop on Research Methods and Data Analyses at IIM Lucknow ( 2012), I learnt directly from him how to perform experiments to test causal hypotheses, using regression-based conditional process analyses. Consequently, I personally now run a nationwide program on research and data analyses.
Professor Singh processed my one manuscript for publication in the IIMB Management Review. His suggestions for revising the manuscript resulted in an altogether new interpretation of the findings reported. Importantly, I learned how to publish many other findings in reputed journals and in a book titled First Among Equals: TREAT Leadership for LEAP in a Knowledge-based World.
Congratulations to Professor Ramadhar Singh on his induction to the Heritage Wall of Fame!
– Vishal Gupta
Dr. Singh was my thesis advisor at the Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad. Dr. Singh first told me about Dr. Byrne and his work 43 years ago. The very rational exuberance displayed by Dr. Singh in his remembrance of Dr. Byrne motivated me to read some of Dr. Byrne's papers. I used a framework to study phenomena advanced by Dr. Byrne in my doctoral work. I moved away from academics and joined industry, first as a manager and later as a consultant. In both careers I used the Byrne framework to great advantage. This framework helped me in my personal life in areas such as marital harmony and parenting behaviors. My marriage is now in its 37th year. My son is a socially well-adjusted and responsible graduate of Dartmouth University. As you can tell, I owe a lot to Dr. Byrne as I do to Dr. Singh. In my faith, Sanatana Dharma, we believe that God shows up in both unmanifest as well as manifest forms. We also believe that Guru or Teacher is God. Dr. Byrne is my unmanifest God. And Dr. Singh is my manifest God. They influenced my thinking in profound ways which have helped me navigate my life these 43 years.
– Nagananda Kumar
I'm grateful I met Ramadhar Singh, and that he took me in as his undergraduate and graduate student. Indeed, he put in the effort and time to teach and guide me during my academic pursuits. I had learnt a lot from him. He also acknowledges students' contributions and shares the authorship with us in his publications. I've known him for many years now. Under the gruff and, at times, blunt exterior lies an unpretentious gentleman with a kind and generous heart. As a teacher, he willingly imparted his knowledge and skills, and encouraged our development. As an individual, he is a trusted mentor and personally, a father figure. Congratulations on a well-deserved recognition!
– Kit Kwan
Ramadhar introduced me to the wondrous world of social psychology research. As an undergraduate sitting in his social psychology classes and working alongside him, I was awe-struck by his endless passion. I could only wish to be as successful as him in inspiring students to walk on the path of psychology research
– Jia Lile
Professor Singh was the supervisor for my undergraduate thesis. I thoroughly enjoyed every interaction with him, be it attending his lectures or seeking consultation with him. Despite his enormous and lasting contributions in the area of personality and social psychology, he was always kind, curious and encouraging. Most importantly, his enthusiasm and passion in research was infectious and inspiring. It seemed like he never needed to rest from his work, as work was simply life itself to him. To me, he is much more than a professor. He is a scholar, a mentor, and indeed, a role model on how one should pursue our passions and treat others.
– Xiangbin Lin
Whenever we think of undertaking paradigmatic research in personality and/or social psychology, especially in Southeast Asia, the name that emerges in the forefront is of Ramadhar Singh. His research in cross-cultural, developmental, organizational, personality, and social psychology are our examples, his impeccable writing style has been our guidelines, and his excellent publication records have made us proud as a generation of original thinkers. The sole hope in today's generation of students is imbibing quality education which we were fortunate to have from him without asking for it. As Henry Adams puts it "a teacher affects eternity; he can never tell where his influence stops." Ramadhar belongs to this very generation of teacher, educator, and researcher. His thoughts and writings have brought glory to Indian academia. Given his national and international standings in psychology, I hope that the Government of India will now bestow upon him a 'National level Award like Padmashri' for highlighting the important roles that psychologists could play in nation-building.
– Manas K Mandal
Prof. Ramadhar Singh and I became remote colleagues through correspondence about overlapping academic interests starting in the 1980s. The depth of his thought and his unbridled enthusiasm for psychological science are present in every piece of correspondence in my files. In the 1980s, we were both young scholars, though on different continents, but similarly trained having both earned our Ph.D.s at Big 10 universities. We butted heads in our letters over issues of how to find and interpret evidence of cultural differences in judgments. Singh often presented incisive distinctions among alternative interpretations, and most importantly, found insights about implications for further empirical work to test those interpretations. In my experience, he is extraordinarily insightful as a scientist in the realms of social psychology that he has researched.
Once while in the U.S., Prof. Singh was able to visit the University of Wisconsin-Madison, and spoke to my lab group. Included in his informal remarks were aspects of his background in Nepal, and some of the difficulties of getting a formal education when he was growing up. The students in my group were deeply impressed, as was I, and Singh's visit provided an international perspective on their world views as well as my own. Throughout my contact with him, my own development as a psychological scientist was certainly sharpened by our professional contacts.
– Colleen F. Moore
I was blessed to take the social psychology course of and participate in his experiments at IIT Kanpur in 1976. The 1973 young passionate scientist from Purdue still remains so in his scientific pursuits. I bow to him for glorifying Indian academia.
– Prabhat Munshi
I have been reading writings by Prof. Ramadhar Singh ever since I decided to be a psychologist. The clarity with which he presented "what and how of psychological research" to the participants in the refresher course at University of Delhi in 2021 was superb! I wish there were more such inspiring and dedicated psychological scientists in India! His contributions have glorified Bihar University where he studied and Patna University where he had started his career as a psychologist. The credit for his achievements also goes to Purdue University for training him as a psychologist and to the various other institutions where he had worked since 1973.
– Shruti Narain
The life and work of my esteemed colleague Ramadhar Singh can best be represented by Charles F. Kettering's observation: "Research means that you don't know but are willing to find out." I have known Ramadhar Singh since 2016 and have learned so far from him:
- how to value lifelong learning,
- how to respect error in seeking truth, and
- how to use one's education for the betterment of the organization in which one works and the society in which one lives
There is still a lot to be learned from his mentoring style! I wish there were more such inspiring scholars in India! I feel privileged and honored by this opportunity to pay my tributes to him.
– Sudhir Pandey
Prof. Singh is one of the keenest minds I have ever met. His life full of achievements beholds valuable lessons. He is a dedicated teacher and an eager learner. I have observed with awe his child-like curiosity and his passion for precision in his scholarly tasks. Specifically, in research, his never-ending desire to keep improving the work till it is published is as contagious as it is inspiring.
Over the last several years I had the opportunity to read and review many of his initial drafts. He has been increasingly engaged with issues that directly affect society, while painstakingly maintaining the rigor of controlled experiments. Overall, he exhibits a brilliant blend of relevance and rigor.
In my decade-long association with Prof. Singh, I have evidenced his dislike for mediocrity and his relentless appreciation for excellence. He wishes for and works persistently towards excellence in everything that he does and expects the same from individuals around him. He works tirelessly towards achieving higher and newer goals and is saddened when systems and individuals settle for 'less' and take shortcuts.
Prof. Singh is simply unstoppable in his academic pursuits—be it retirement or a painful back surgery, such punctuations appear as mere passing milestones in his high-speed inspirational scholarly run. Here's to this one and many more!
– Kumar Rakesh Ranjan
I got to know Ramadhar after moving to Singapore in 2012. Ramadhar has played a major role in bringing social psychology to Asia. For many years, he was the leading social psychologist in southeast Asia, and trained dozens of students who are now at various schools in Asia and beyond and continue to be active in social psychology. After retiring from Singapore, Ramadhar has played a similar role in India. Ramadhar also made substantial contributions to the Asian Association for Social Psychology. Prior to this organization, there was no venue for social psychologists in Asia to get to know and interact with each other. SPSP was largely focused on North America, as EASP on Europe. The creation of AASP and the publication of AJSP have played a major role in advancing social psychology in Asia, thanks to Ramadhar's effort. I am truly grateful to Ramadhar for setting the stage for future scholars like myself.
– Krishna Savani
This is a huge privilege for me to share my sense of Gratitude to Prof Ramadhar Singh who played crucial roles in shaping my Life, Character and basic Traits. I remember how I used to be like an uncut pebble on a roadside when Prof Ramadhar Singh came as one of the best Teachers through the routes of Psychology. Straight from Purdue University to IIT Kanpur, Prof Ramadhar Singh Sir brought an innovative culture of Experimental Psychology. Now going back over 45 years, I introspect how easily, naturally Prof Sir slowly and steadily kept shaping our Personalities during our impressionable ages.
Then in 2010, we met each other in Bangalore after some 35 years of IITK education. Sir was still THE SAME..... displaying innovations, experimentations, searching queries and always eager to remain Young. I am indebted to Prof Ramadhar Singh ji. Wish we keep getting his grace for several years to come.
– Jai Shankar Sharma
Ramadhar Singh's achievements are indeed as high as the mighty Himalayas and his knowledge of the science of psychology is as deep as the Indian ocean. Even after almost five decades of high-quality research work, he still has a child-like enthusiasm and motivation to contribute more. I am fortunate to have received and still continue to receive his guidance and mentorship at the Ahmedabad University as his junior colleague.
I have learned three valuable lessons under the mentorship of Ramadhar Singh. First, to become a good researcher one must develop a deep sense of curiosity. In the chosen field of interest, one should read extant literature, keep updated with current developments and spend time on reflecting about these readings. A firm grounding in the exiting literature of a field coupled with a healthy dose of skepticism can lay the foundation of one's research journey. Second, learning research methods of one's respective field is the sine qua non of conducting scientific inquiry on any topic. Knowledge of statistics and research methodologies are essential ingredients of success in academia. Third, one should never compromise academic integrity and honesty. There are no shortcuts to success and one should navigate the tough world of academics with the help of the compass of ethics and morality.
I am proud to be one among many who have benefitted from Ramadhar Singh's intellectual generosity. I am sure there are many more accolades waiting for him.
– Mahendra Singh Rao
Prof Singh is a pivotal figure in my development as a research psychologist because he is the first person I ever worked with on any research project. As my undergraduate research supervisor, he was the one who started me on my research journey way back in 1996. His passion for research since inspires me to be a scientist. His professionalism motivates me to conduct rigorous science. His patience gives me confidence that I too can be like him, making significant contributions to psychological science. I am grateful for his guidance, encouragement, and mentorship.
– Eddie M.W. Tong
I have known Ramadhar Singh as a PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENTIST since my student years at the P. P. N. College of Kanpur University (1986-90) and at IIT Kanpur (1991-96). The standard of excellence in teaching, research, and service that he established at IIT Kanpur (1973-79) is still a subject of discussion among Indian academics and doctoral students of psychology and management. I had the pleasure of meeting him in Singapore in 2002. Ever since I have been in his regular contact and getting more and more inspired by his outstanding contributions to psychology and management as science and a humble person. I am delighted that, within the first seven months of 2022 itself, three organizations, namely, IIT Kanpur, Purdue University, and now SPSP have honored Ramadhar Singh for his notable achievements in science and public service. He is an inspiration to me personally and to our younger psychologists in India. They too can nowadays draw attention to their impactful contributions from all over the world. I greatly appreciate the SPSP decision to post Ramadhar Singh on its Heritage Wall of Fame.
– Nachiketa Tripathi
Professor Ramadhar Singh was my colleague at the Indian Institute of Management Bangalore, India, from 2010-2016. My tribute to him could be nothing short of a manuscript, such is his legacy and footprint. From his academic journey I have learnt how important is mentoring and institutional support in a scholar’s life. From his academic journey I have also learnt that professional experiences—good or bad, sublime or mundane— are powerful stories to dwell on in retrospect and the best ways to grow. From office politics to cracking SEM—Ramadhar Singh has known it all—his stories, weaved with wit and wisdom, tell of his tenacity and relentless spirit to achieve what he sets his heart and mind on. This is second only to his ability to maintain and nourish lifelong bonds with people around—or gone. Upon the news of his acceptance in the SPSP Heritage Wall of Fame, Singh wrote to me that he didn’t like being on the Wall of Fame without his Advisor, Late Professor Donn Byrne. On numerous occasions, I have seen how Singh looks after mentees, but the lifelong respect and gratitude he owes to his Advisor Byrne is awe-inspiring. Unconditional and unwavering respect for the protégé or the Guru (the Sanskrit word for ‘teacher’) has been idealized in Indian culture and values, and Ramadhar Singh epitomizes that. ‘tasmai śrī gurave namaḥ,’ my salutations to that revered Guru!
– Ritu Tripathi
I feel fortunate that Ramadhar was my supervisor for my undergraduate honors thesis more than a decade ago. He always made time for his students and to this day, is still a mentor to me. Working with Ramadhar has been one of my most memorable research experiences. I witnessed firsthand his love for research and his inquisitiveness demonstrated how much there is in the field to discover. With a mentoring style that is a balanced mix of flexibility and guidance, he encourages me to cherish opportunities and to make the best out of them. Prof Singh's dedication to the field of research is admirable and his passion for research is contagious. He is an advocate for lifelong learning and has inspired me to pursue my doctoral studies in psychology. I am thankful for the support he has given me over the years and I join with others to celebrate his significant contributions to social psychology!
– Deborah Tor
Professor Ramadhar Singh is a world-class outstanding social psychologist who has over the last five decades contributed immensely to experimental social psychology in decision-making in such arenas as individual, group, organisation and cross-cultural issues. His research work has further extended the frontier of social psychological knowledge in developmental, organizational, personality theories and importantly, in their applications for psychological interventions to real life and societal matters. He is a prolific social psychologist who has mentored many students interested in social psychology. Professor Ramadhar demonstrated an untiring desire to enhance the human understanding of social life and social interactions.
– Dr. S Vasoo
I first met Ramadhar SIngh as an undergraduate when I took his course on Industrial-organizational psychology. I am grateful to him for his generous support and mentorship over the years, and for being an important role model for early career psychologists. Ramadhar continues to impress me with his systematic, tenacious approach to answering questions, and the influence of his ingenious experiments in social psychology is wide-ranging, making an impact on applied, developmental, and social psychology.
– Melvin Yap
Congratulations. You deserve this honour. Not just for the outstanding contribution to the field of Psychology but also to the lives of many including me. I am just glad that our paths met and thank you for being my professor and friend.
– Hong Yi Goh